Echinoderm diversity and its conservation

Saravanan, Raju (2024) Echinoderm diversity and its conservation. In: Training Manual on "Know Your Marine Biodiversity and Environment (MarBiE 1)". CMFRI Training Manual Series (42). ICAR- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, pp. 67-72.

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Abstract

The Phylum Echinodermata, an exclusive marine phylum comprising approximately 7,000 living species and 13,000 fossil species, is found from the intertidal area to the deep sea bed. This unique group of animals has a skeleton made of calcium carbonate in the form of calcite inside their bodies and a unique watervascular system that helps them eat, move around, and do other things. As larvae, they have bilateral symmetry, and as adults, they have more or less noticeable pentiradial symmetry. Echinoderms have no head or brain, but they do have a central nerve ring that surrounds the mouth.

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