Molluscan Fisheries Present Status

Laxmilatha, P (2022) Molluscan Fisheries Present Status. In: ICAR-CMFRI -Winter School on Recent Development in Taxonomic Techniques of Marine Fishes for Conservation and Sustainable Fisheries Management. ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, pp. 432-444.

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Abstract

Molluscs, which include bivalves, gastropods and cephalopods, belong to large and diverse phylum Mollusca, forming the second largest species rich phylum in the world after Arthropoda. Marine molluscs are important component of the marine ecosystem, contributing significantly to the biodiversity from the coastal regions to the abyssal depths of the ocean. The five major classes in Mollusca, namely Polyplacopohora, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda and Scaphopoda representing about 586 families, out of which 279 families occur in Indian region which includes 3600 species of marine, 1129 terrestrial and 199 freshwater forms. (Ramakrishna & Dey, 2010). Marine molluscs occur in a large variety of substrates such as rocky shores, coral reefs, mud flats and sandy beaches. The gastropods and chitons are found on hard substrates while bivalves usually burrow on soft substrates (sediment). However, the cephalopods, which are marine, are mostly oceanic and active predators.

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