Anticoagulant potential of sulfated galactofucan Turbinaria decurrens (Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells: A marine-derived approach to thrombotic disorder management

George, Ans Mariya and Chakraborty, Kajal and Sreeshma, P and Pai, Ashwin A and Pai, Shilpa K (2025) Anticoagulant potential of sulfated galactofucan Turbinaria decurrens (Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1828) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells: A marine-derived approach to thrombotic disorder management. Algal Research, 90. pp. 1-11. ISSN 2211-9264

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Abstract

Sulfated galactofucans from the Sargassaceae family are garnering increasing attention for their therapeutic potential, especially in the management of thrombotic disorders, which are major contributors to disease and mortality. While conventional anticoagulants are effective, their use is constrained by bleeding risks and adverse effects, prompting the search for safer alternatives. This study explores the anticoagulant potential of TDP-3, a sulfated galactofucan isolated from Turbinaria decurrens, with the proposed structure [→4)-3-O-SO3−-α-Fucp-(1 → 4)-β-Galp-(1→], in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). TDP-3 (25 μg/mL) significantly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT: 112.45 s) and prothrombin time (PT: 93.80 s), indicating its ability to interfere with both intrinsic as well as extrinsic coagulation pathways. TDP-3 effectively reduced thrombin production to 49 %, with a significant decrease of Factor Xa (FXa) expression (6.28-fold) and phospho-MARCKS (p-MARCKS) expression (84.1 %). Furthermore, TDP-3 inhibited thrombin-catalyzed fibrin polymerization by 79.19 % and reduced intracellular calcium mobilization by 33.65 %. The compound also demonstrated notable antiplatelet activity, reducing ADP-induced platelet aggregation to 82.9 %. TDP-3 consists mainly of α-(1 → 4)-linked fucose monomers connected to β-galactose, with sulfate groups at the 3-O position, forming a repeating chain. The superior anticoagulant potential of TDP-3 can be attributed to its electronegative sulfate and hydroxyl groups, which modulate physicochemical characteristics, including molecular polarizability and topological polar surface area favorably, thereby enhancing hydrogen bonding interactions with key receptors in coagulation pathways. These findings position TDP-3 as a promising natural anticoagulant with potential therapeutic applications for managing thrombotic disorders. Its potential as a functional food further contributes to the expanding field of marine-derived anticoagulants.

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