Bacillibactin class of siderophore antibiotics from a marine symbiotic Bacillus as promising antibacterial agents

Chakraborty, Kajal and Vinaya, K K and Joy, Minju and Chakraborty, Rekha D (2021) Bacillibactin class of siderophore antibiotics from a marine symbiotic Bacillus as promising antibacterial agents. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. pp. 1-12.

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Abstract

Preliminary antibacterial metabolite production screening unveiled that B. amyloliquefaciens MTCC 12,713 associated with the intertidal red alga Kappaphycus alverezii exhibited potential inhibitory efects against drug-resistant pathogens methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Four homologous siderophore types of bacillibactins were isolated from a heterotrophic marine bacterium through bioactivity-guided purifcation. All detectable natural product gene clusters in B. amyloliquefaciens MTCC 12,713 were analyzed by sequencing the complete genome of the bacterium. The studied compounds displayed broad spectrum bactericidal activity against multidrug-resistant strains with a range of minimum inhibitory concentration values from 1.56 to 6.25 µg/mL, whereas standard antibiotic chloramphenicol was active at 6.25 to 12.5 µg/mL. Structure-bioactivity relationship assessment showed that higher electronic values were responsible for antibacterial properties against the nosocomial pathogens. The 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoate (dhb)-assisted biosynthetic pathway of catecholate-enclosed bacillibactins was proposed through the bacillibactin synthase multienzyme complex catalysis followed by dimerization of dhbACEBF operons with 16 genes (~12 kb bacterial genome). The present fndings recognized an undescribed 4-methoxy-11′-pentanoyloxy-bacillibactin C as a source of potential antibacterial agent for use against drug-resistant pathogens for pharmaceutical applications.

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