Emergence of carp edema virus in cultured ornamental koi carp, Cyprinus carpio koi, in India

Raja Swaminathan, T and Kumar, Raj and Dharmaratnam, Arathi and Basheer, V S and Sood, Neeraj and Pradhan, P K and Sanil, N K and Vijayagopal, P and Jena, J K (2016) Emergence of carp edema virus in cultured ornamental koi carp, Cyprinus carpio koi, in India. Journal of General Virology, 97. pp. 3392-3399.

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Abstract

A disease outbreak was reported in adult koi, Cyprinus carpio koi, from a fish farm in Kerala, India, during June 2015. The clinical signs were observed only in recently introduced adult koi, and an existing population of fish did not show any clinical signs or mortality. Microscopic examination of wet mounts from the gills of affected koi revealed minor infestation of Dactylogyrus sp. in a few koi. In bacteriological studies, only opportunistic bacteria were isolated from the gills of affected fish. The histopathological examination of the affected fish revealed necrotic changes in gills and, importantly, virus particles were demonstrated in cytoplasm of gill epithelial cells in transmission electron microscopy. The tissue samples from affected koi were negative for common viruses reported from koi viz. cyprinid herpesvirus 3, spring viraemia of carp virus, koi ranavirus and red sea bream iridovirus in PCR screening. However, gill tissue from affected koi carp was positive for carp edema virus (CEV) in the first step of nested PCR, and sequencing of PCR amplicons confirmed infection with CEV. No cytopathic effect was observed in six fish cell lines following inoculation of filtered tissue homogenate prepared from gills of affected fish. In bioassay, the symptoms could be reproduced by inoculation of naive koi with filtrate from gill tissue homogenate of CEV-positive fish. Subsequently, screening of koi showing clinical signs similar to koi sleepy disease from different locations revealed that CEV infection was widespread. To our knowledge, this is the first report of infection with CEV in koi from India.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	carp edema virus; in cultured ornamental koi carp; Cyprinus carpio koi
Subjects:	Fish and Fisheries > Fish Pathology Fish Biotechnology Fish Diseases
Divisions:	CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division Subject Area > CMFRI > CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division Subject Area > CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division
Depositing User:	Arun Surendran
Date Deposited:	05 Mar 2019 06:59
Last Modified:	15 Feb 2023 06:07
URI:	http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/id/eprint/13425

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