Mariculture

Shyam, S Salim and Narayanakumar, R (2014) Mariculture. In: Livelihood Status of Fishers in India. Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, pp. 49-70.

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Abstract

Kerala and Tamil Nadu contribute significantly to the mariculture in India. In Kerala mussel farming is carried out intensively in northern districts. In Tamil Nadu seaweed, Kappaphycus alvarezii, farming is gaining momentum in the recent years especially in Ramanathapuram district. The commercial cultivation of K. alvarezii was started in 2003 along the Tamil Nadu coast. At present, K. alvarezii production is carried out in five coastal districts of Tamil Nadu namely Ramanathapuram, Pudukottai, Thoothukudi, Thanjavur and Kanyakumari. Nearly 1000 to 1200 families in Tamil Nadu depend on Kappaphycus farming for their livelihood. All of the seaweed farming in Ramanathapuram district is under the kudumbam (family) model of cultivation. The cultivation is organized by members of an SHG who normally belongs to the same family but may also include other members from the same community. In Tamil Nadu from the year 2003 to 2009, K. alvarezii production has shown a steady increase from 147 tonnes to the maximum of 865 tonnes in the year 2009 on dry weight basis (Krishnan and Kumar, 2010). Both Kerala and Tamil Nadu states were selected to assess the literacy, health and income status of marine fisher folk involved in mariculture.

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