Sharma, S R Krupesha (2023) Fish health monitoring, surveillance and management. In: International Workshop cum Training on Fisheries and Aquaculture: African-Asian Rural Development Organization (AARDO). CMFRI Training Manual Series No. 35/2023 (35). ICAR- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, pp. 189-196. ISBN 978-93-82263-62-3
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Abstract
Globally, aquaculture expansion and growth are targeted for increased intensification and commercialization of fish production to maximise profits in low volume-high density mode. Global food fish production from aquaculture reached 52.5 million tons in 2008, compared to 32.4 million tons in 2000. Like any other farming sector, the likelihood of the occurrence of diseases increases as culture operations intensify and expand involving diverse species and ecosystems. Thus, the aquaculture industry has been overwhelmed with its share of diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, etc. Along with feed and seed, diseases are also being considered as one of the factors influencing the profitability of farming since diseases are now a primary constraint to the development and expansion of the culture of many aquatic species. Several factors can be attributed to the present situation of disease problems in aquaculture: 1. increased globalization of trade of live aquatic animals and their products; 2. the intensification of aquaculture mediated through the translocation of broodstock, larvae, fry and fingerlings; 3. the development and intensification of ornamental fish trade; 4. interactions between cultured and wild fish populations, especially in cage farming in natural waters; 5. inadequate biosecurity measures; 6. Absence of vaccines for major bacterial and viral diseases.
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