Studies on ecology, chemical constituents and culture of marine macroalgae of Minicoy Island, Lakshadweep

Koya, C N Haneefa (2000) Studies on ecology, chemical constituents and culture of marine macroalgae of Minicoy Island, Lakshadweep. Doctoral thesis, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova.

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    Abstract

    The Union Territory of Lakshadweep is situated in the Arabian Sea about 200 to 400 km off the Kerala coast. This archipelago consists of 36 islands and five s.ubmerged banks with a total area of 32 sq. km .The islands lie between 08° 00 - 12° 30' N latitude and 71 ° 00 - 74° 00 E longitude. These islands consist of coral formation built on submerged ridge raising steeply from a depth of about 1500 to 4000 m in the Arabian Sea. The Lakshadweep, Maldives and Chagos archipelagos foon an uninterrupted chain of coral atolls and reefs on a submarine bank covering a distance of over 2000 km. Most of these islands have sandy beaches with gentle slope on the lagoon side and on the seaward side there is a steep slope with boulders, coral rocks, living corals and debris. Corals cannot grow very deep in the oceans and what is seen at present depicts millennia of interaction between the submarine bank, tectonic activity and the level of the oceans, particularly during the Pleistocene period (Jones, 1986). Coral reef ecosystems are the most diverse and colourful of any communities with the most complex interrelationship between species. Corals grow where the mean sea temperature is at least 20 °C throughout the year, preferably more than 23 °C. They also need clean sea water and are wlable to grow where rivers dilute the sea or bring in mud. Coral reef communities may be very old and their foonation is a result of persistent accumulation of calcareous deposits over long periods, extending from hundred to thousands of years (Qasim, 1998). Coral reefs are of three types: (I) Barrier reefs along continents (2) Fringing reefs around islands (3) Atolls, broken fringes of reef and islands around a central lagoon. The IndoPaci fic region is particularly rich in corals. The Australian Great Barrier Reef is an intermittent series of reefs stretching over 1900 km along the coast of Queensland. Other coastal reefs lie off East Africa and in the Red Sea. The Pacific and the Indian Oceans have thousands of atolls. In the West Atlantic, coastal reefs extend 200 km. southwards from Yucatan and many Caribbean islands are fringed with coral reefs. The corals are coelenterate polyp animals which extent their tentacles at night to feed on zooplankton washed over the reefs. Their tissues house symbiotic green algae (zooxanthillae). Zooxanthillae and other algae living in or on their calcareous skeleton conduct photosynthesis in the sunlight. Many reefs are in trade wind belts, the windward side being exposed to wave action, the leeward side being sheltered. Reef systems are often bioenergeticaly more or less self maintaining, complete ecosystem in themselves, beautifully adapted to use, hoard or recycle any inputs from the surroundings.

    Item Type: Thesis (Doctoral)
    Uncontrolled Keywords: culture; marine macroalgae; Minicoy Island; Lakshadweep
    Subjects: Theses
    Algae
    Aquaculture > Algal Culture
    Divisions: CMFRI-Kochi > Fishery Environment Management Division
    Subject Area > CMFRI > CMFRI-Kochi > Fishery Environment Management Division
    CMFRI-Kochi > Fishery Environment Management Division
    Subject Area > CMFRI-Kochi > Fishery Environment Management Division
    Depositing User: Mr. Arun Surendran
    Date Deposited: 27 Jan 2011 08:33
    Last Modified: 04 Jul 2018 08:55
    URI: http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/id/eprint/7110

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