Probiotics in aquaculture

Vijayakumaran, M (2001) Probiotics in aquaculture. In: Perspectives in Mariculture. The Marine Biological Association of India, Cochin, pp. 369-380.

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Abstract

Use ofprobiotics, the beneficial digestive bacteria, are well documented in human and animal nutrition. Bacteria belonging to the genera Lactobacillus, Enteroccocus, Pedlococcus and Bacillus, m.icroscopic fungi and saccharomyces yeast have been widely used as probiotics. In aquaculture, the usage of probiotics is mainly confined to hatcheries of shrimps, bivalves and fishes.However, scientific studies are scanty on the use of probiotics in grow out systems offish/shnmps and even its benefits are debated. Contrary to the traditional use of probiotics as feed additives, it is used in aquaculture and production systems to modify the microbial population of the environment ultimately leading to better growth and survival of the targetted species. Even nonpathogenic strains of pathogenic bacteria are being used as probiotics in shrimp culture. Use of various brands of commercial probiotics have become a regularfarmir^ practice in shrimp culture in India, particularly after the mcyor viral disease outbreak in 1995. The paper reviews the use ofprobiotics in 'coastal aquaculture systems'.

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