Global framework for communication of biological invasion risks

Vilizzi, Lorenzo and Suresh, V V R and Giannetto, Daniela and Hill, Jeffrey E and Daniel, Wesley M and Monteiro, João and Edsman, Lennart and Abdirahman Elmi, Hassan Sh and Ahmed Ibrahim, A and Najafi-Majd, Elnaz and Mammadov, Ramazan and Andriyono, Sapto and Djumanto and Amal Azmai, Mohammad Noor and Saba, Abdulwakil and Kalamujić Stroil, Belma and Adrović, Avdul and Vila-Gispert, Anna and Boix, Dani and Kopecký, Oldřich and Pavlů, Vilém and Milošević, Dragana and Caković, Danka and Holbech, Henrik and Lundgreen, Kim and Lukas, Juliane and Ahnelt, Harald and Linnamägi, Merike and Rohtla, Mehis and Almeida, David and Mendoza, Roberto and Gilles Jr, Allan S and Pavia Jr, Richard Thomas D and Knudsen, Elisabeth and Hansen, Leivur Janus and Goulletquer, Philippe and Curd, Amelia and Špelić, Ivan and Jónsson, Jón Einar and Thráinsson, Höskuldur and Boggero, Angela and Pupins, Mihails and Škute, Artūrs and Petrulaitis, Lukas and Jukonienė, Ilona and Herczeg, Gábor and Ferincz, Árpád and Verreycken, Hugo and W Leuven, Rob S E and Malmstrøm, Martin and Velle, Gaute and Makhkamov, Trobjon and Yuldashev, Akramjon and Pietraszewski, Dariusz and Marszał, Lidia and Canning-Clode, João and Camargo, Mariele Pasuch de and Preda, Cristina and Memedemin, Daniyar and Bakiu, Rigers and Bakiu, Silvia and Kristína Slovák, S and Števove, Barbora and Duniš, Luka and Kristan, Petra and Simonović, Predrag and Dekić, Radoslav and Puntila-Dodd, Riikka and Jauni, Miia and Olsson, Karin H and Anh T, Kieu and Bui, Thuyet D and Yoğurtçuoğlu, Baran and Ağdamar, Sevan and Yuldashov, Bahadir and Khydyrov, Peyzulla and Vardakas, Leonidas and Koutsikos, Nicholas and Perdikaris, Costas and Lukashanets, Dzmitry and Borodin, Oleg and Uzunova, Eliza and Dashinov, Dimitriy and Lazkov, Georgii and Ganybaeva, Myskalai and Ualiyeva, Daniya and Zharmukhametova, Raushan and Ristovska, Milica and Cvetkovska G, Aleksandra and Ganbaatar, Burenbaatar and Khadbaatar, Solongo and Panov, Vadim E and Marenkov, Oleh and Saidov, Nurali and Okhonniyozov, Mekhrovar and Kvach, Yuriy and Yuryshynets, Volodymyr and Arakelyan, Marine and Khachatryan, Hasmik and Mumladze, Levan and Japoshvili, Bella and Pickholtz, Renanel and Gavriel, Tal and Atique, Usman and Altaf, Muhammad and Iqbal, Sonia and Al-Wazzan, Zainab and Chebaane, Sahar and Mohammad Hamid, H and Abdul Rahman, O and Seyed Daryoush, M and Javidpour, Jamileh and Nashath, Mariyam and Abdullah, Faruhana and Sharma, Hari Prasad and Shrestha, Bharat Babu and Vibhakaran, Vandana and Galib, Shams M and Khan, Md. Abdul Gofur and Kankanamge Epa, U Priyantha and Cassim, Nadiya and De Zoysa, Mahanama and Chaichana, Ratcha and Kanongdate, Kamalaporn and Chan, Nyein and Ko Ko, La Minn and Dorji, Jigdrel and Dorji, Chhimi and Inkhavilay, Khamla and Somvongsa, Chanhvilay and Soben, Kim and Nida, Yutha and Tesfay, Yohannes B and Dullo, Bikila W and Oh, Chulhong and Park, Youngjun and Li, Shan and Wei, Hui and Koyama, Akihiko and Isobe, Atsuhiko and Piria, Marina (2026) Global framework for communication of biological invasion risks. Management of Biological Invasions, 17 (1). pp. 1-33. ISSN 1989-8649

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Abstract

Biological invasions, driven by the spread of non-native species, have become a critical global issue because of their far-reaching ecological and socioeconomic impacts. Effective communication of the risks of biological invasions is essential for implementing robust policy and legislation and gaining public support for conservation efforts. However, current policies often suffer from fragmentation and ineffectiveness, largely due to inadequate risk communication and complex multilevel governance. To address this challenge, we develop a global framework designed to enhance clearer communication about biological invasion risks. The framework contextualizes key terms across three domains in invasion science: species invasiveness, risk analysis, and decision support tools. Using both diffusionof-English and ecology-of-language paradigms, and following a three-step process involving preliminary consensus, AI querying, and ground-truthing with final consensus, we validate the framework in 70 non-English languages which, together with English, have official status in at least one country and collectively cover all 195 countries worldwide. Our findings reveal that while terminology for risk analysis is well established, terminology for species invasiveness and, especially, for decision support tools remains underdeveloped in many languages, hindering effective communication and policy implementation. Our framework underscores the importance of cultural and political neutrality. By promoting clearer risk communication among scientists, policymakers, and the public globally, we aim to reduce policy fragmentation and foster enhanced collaboration in risk mitigation. We recommend expanding multilingual decision support tools to include the full risk analysis process: risk identification, risk assessment, and risk management. This will support intergovernmental mitigation efforts and promote a unified global response to biological invasions.

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