Marine Biotechnology in India: Status and Unfolding Opportunities

John, George and Gopalakrishnan, A and Chakraborty, Kajal and Suresh, V V R (2024) Marine Biotechnology in India: Status and Unfolding Opportunities. In: Biotechnology in India - Reworking A Strategy. Springer Singapore, Singapore, pp. 77-109. ISBN 978-981-97-0896-3

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Abstract

There is a need to increase focus on the oceans for producing more food and generating technologies in the non-food sector. India’s Blue Economy is the centrepiece where different disciplines are converging to generate food and wealth. The phenomenal potential of the non-food sector of marine biotechnology unfolds through the promise of new drugs and bioactive compounds. Enzymes from various types of extremophilic marine organisms can lead to industrial applications. Marine nanotechnology applications are becoming increasingly important as they diffuse into many sectors. The development of marine bio-composites should be a priority. High-value products and nutraceuticals present many technological options. A shift towards biofuel is compelling and holds promise through new technological options that are available. Algal biofuel which is being increasingly looked upon as a substitute for conventional fuel will be a focus for deploying new techniques. The production of marine biomaterial including nanomaterial has shown immense promise. With the increasing pollution of marine ecosystems, it is imperative to develop technoeconomically feasible protocols for bioremediation. Biotechnological interventions in the food sector will involve farming large swathes of the oceans using new culture techniques, genetically improved strains, and molecular tools, including those for modifying traits and gene editing. Advances in genomics, especially the use of genetic markers and CRISPR techniques, will redraw the contours of mariculture by improving economically important traits. In vitro fish or factory fish meat produced through tissue engineering will be a humane, safe, and environmentally friendly alternative to slaughtered fish flesh. At the infrastructural level, there is a need to set up a Mariculture Authority and a National Institute of Marine Biotechnology to tap the food and the non-food sectors. The policy framework and the strategic direction needed to capture the emerging potential are discussed. This review is not exhaustive but presents an overview of key sectors for providing the contextual setting and looking at the strategy required.

Item Type:	Book Section
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Biotech strategy for India; Genetically modified crops; Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare; Marine Biotechnology; Genome Editing Technologies;
Subjects:	Fish Biotechnology Marine Environment Marine Ecosystems
Divisions:	CMFRI-Kochi > Mariculture Division Subject Area > CMFRI > CMFRI-Kochi > Mariculture Division CMFRI-Kochi > Mariculture Division Subject Area > CMFRI-Kochi > Mariculture Division CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division Subject Area > CMFRI > CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division Subject Area > CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division
Depositing User:	Arun Surendran
Date Deposited:	27 Jan 2025 08:56
Last Modified:	27 Jan 2025 08:56
URI:	http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/id/eprint/19263

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