Chakraborty, Kajal and Vinaya, K K and Joy, Minju and Chakraborty, Rekha D (2021) Novel amylomacins from seaweed‐associated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as prospective antimicrobial leads attenuating resistant bacteria. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. pp. 1-12.
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Abstract
The rise in antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains prompting nosocomial infections drives the search for new bioactive sub- stances of promising antibacterial properties. The surfaces of seaweeds are rich in heterotrophic bacteria with prospective antimicrobial substances. This study aimed to isolate antibacterial leads from a seaweed-associated bacterium. Heterotrophic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MTCC 12716 associated with the seaweed Hypnea valentiae, was isolated and screened for anti- microbial properties against drug-resistant pathogens. The bacterial crude extract was purifed and three novel amicoumacin- class of isocoumarin analogues, 11′-butyl acetate amicoumacin C (amylomacin A), 4′-hydroxy-11′-methoxyethyl carboxylate amicoumacin C (amylomacin B) and 11′-butyl amicoumacin C (amylomacin C) were isolated to homogeneity. The studied amylomacins possessed potential activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Shigella fexneri with a range of minimum inhibitory concentration values from 0.78 to 3.12 μg/mL, although standard antibiotics ampicillin and chloramphenicol were active at 6.25–25 μg/mL. Noticeably, the amylomacin compound encompassing 4′-hydroxy-11′-methoxyethyl carboxylate amicou- macin C functionality (amylomacin B), displayed considerably greater antagonistic activities against methicillin-resistant S. aureus, vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli, and K. pneumoniae (minimum inhibitory concentration 0.78 μg/mL) compared to the positive controls and other amylomacin analogues. Antimicrobial properties of the amylomacins, coupled with the presence of polyketide synthase-I/non-ribosomal peptide synthetase hybrid gene attributed the bacterium as a promising source of antimicrobial compounds with pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications.
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