Climate Change Hotspots, Vulnerability Assessments and Resilience Options - Lessons From India

Shyam, S Salim (2019) Climate Change Hotspots, Vulnerability Assessments and Resilience Options - Lessons From India. In: Precision Fish Farming:Automation Principles and Technological Solutions for Sustainable Aquaculture production and Productivity. ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, pp. 37-50.

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Abstract

Climate change is a global challenge today, with its impacts felt worldwide. The coastal regions around globe are more prone to the impacts of climate change than the inlands, fishing being one of the primary occupations of the coast, the fishermen community is the most vulnerable group to be affected by the Climate change. Even with extensive scientific research in this arena there is a lacuna in finding a panacea to this existing problem. Coastal environments cover 8 per cent of the world‟s surface, house 70 per cent of the human population, provide 90 per cent of the global fish catch, and deliver 40 per cent of the estimated economic value derived from ecosystem goods and services. In addition to increasing population pressure and demand for marine protein, climate change is modifying coastal environments and increasing the vulnerability of marine-dependent communities around the world. The effect of sea level rise means that coastal fishing communities are vulnerable and are in the front line of the deleterious effects of climate change. Changing seawater temperature and current flows will likely bring increases, decreases and shifts in the distribution of marine fish stocks, with some areas benefiting while others lose. These changes may have impacts on the nature and value of commercial fisheries. Many artisanal fishers are extremely poor with social and political marginalization with limited access to healthcare, education and other public services. With little capacity to adapt, the small-scale and migrant fishers are highly vulnerable to losses of natural capital consequent to climate impacts. The impacts of climate change affect the economy as well the social standards of fisher folk with implications for food security and sustainable livelihoods. Thus the climate change effects impact the environment, fishery, social, economic and development drivers. Consequently, it is important to understand factors that contribute to vulnerability of coastal biological and human systems in order to develop sustainable adaptation pathways; and develop effective mechanisms and expertise to translate findings into management guidelines and policy advice addressing natural, social and economic implications. Globally each government are looking for pragmatic time-bound strategies and plans for mitigation and adaptation.

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