Santhosh, B and Ambarish, Gop P and Anuraj, A and Krishna, S and Anzeer, F Muhammed and Aneesh, K S (2023) Live feeds in aquaculture. In: International Workshop cum Training on Fisheries and Aquaculture: African-Asian Rural Development Organization (AARDO). CMFRI Training Manual Series No. 35/2023 (35). ICAR- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, pp. 169-178. ISBN 978-93-82263-62-3
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Abstract
Live feeds are the natural food items of fishes and invertebrates. The culture of live-fed organisms for larval nutrition is an important part of the hatchery operation. Successful larval rearing primarily depends on the supply of the right kind of live food organisms in adequate quantity. In general, microalgae and zooplankton form the most important components in the live feed culture. There is a separate chapter for microalgal culture, so we are mainly concentrating culture of zooplankton as live feed in this chapter. The size of feed is an important concern when compared to the mouth size of larvae. Poor vision, improper digestive system and weaker movements of the larvae make it difficult for the larvae to get proper nourishment. Some fish larvae (precautionary type) have good yolk reserve and start feeding at comparatively developed stages while some others (atresial type) start feeding at smaller and lesser developed stages. Many of the freshwater fish larvae, and marine fish larvae like salmon, cobia and clown fish larvae are comparatively larger than grouper and damsel larvae. Larval feed should be smaller, easily digestible, rich in nutrients and allow autolysis. Formulated feeds are generally not suitable for most of the fish larvae may not meet all these requirements and in most cases, this will reduce the larval survival rate than live food. Moreover, the fish larvae have poor vision and less developed olfactory and digestive organs. Live feed in continuous movement in the water will help the weaker larvae to prey upon these tiny organisms. Copepods, cladocerans, decapod and bivalve larvae, rotifers and ciliates are the important zooplankton organisms which form the food of fish larvae in the wild. The most popular zooplankters used as feed for fish larvae in the fish hatchery are rotifers, cladocerans, artemia and copepods (Lavens and Sorgeloos, 1996).
| Item Type: | Book Section |
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| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Live feed |
| Subjects: | Aquaculture Aquaculture > Live Feed Culture |
| Depositing User: | Arun Surendran |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Jan 2024 10:42 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Jan 2024 10:42 |
| URI: | http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/id/eprint/17855 |
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