Instrumental methods in bioprospecting: Gas liquid chromatography In: Winter School on Vistas in Marine Biotechnology 5th to 26th October 2010

Chakraborty, Kajal and Vijayagopal, P and Vijayan, K K (2010) Instrumental methods in bioprospecting: Gas liquid chromatography In: Winter School on Vistas in Marine Biotechnology 5th to 26th October 2010. [Teaching Resource]

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Abstract

Chromatography, although primarily a separation technique, is mostly employed in chemical analysis. Nevertheless, to a limited extent, it is also used for preparative purposes, particularly for the isolation of relatively small amounts of materials that have comparatively high intrinsic value. In a single step process it can separate a mixture into its individual components and simultaneously provide an quantitative estimate of each constituent. Samples may be gaseous, liquid or solid in nature and can range in complexity from a simple blend of two entantiomers to a multi component mixture containing widely differing chemical species. The first scientist to recognize chromatography as an efficient method of separation was the Russian botanist Tswett, who used a simple form of liquid-solid chromatography to separate a number of plant pigments. The colored bands he produced on the adsorbent bed evoked the term chromatography for this type of separation (color writing). Although color has little to do with modern chromatography, the name has persisted and, despite its irrelevance, is still used for all separation techniques that employ the essential requisites for a chromatographic separation, viz. a mobile phase and a stationary phase. Today, chromatography is an extremely versatile technique; it can separate gases, and volatile substances by gas chromatography (GC), in-volatile chemicals and materials of extremely high molecular weight (including biopolymers) by liquid chromatography (LC). Chromatography is a separation process that is achieved by distributing the components of a mixture between two phases, a stationary phase and a mobile phase. Those components held preferentially in the stationary phase are retained longer in the system than those that are distributed selectively in the mobile phase. As a consequence, solutes are eluted from the system as local concentrations in the mobile phase in the order of their increasing distribution coefficients with respect to the stationary phase; ipso facto a separation is achieved.

Item Type:	Teaching Resource
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Chromatography; Bioprospecting
Subjects:	Biochemistry > Bioprospecting Biochemistry
Divisions:	CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division Subject Area > CMFRI > CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division Subject Area > CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division
Depositing User:	Arun Surendran
Date Deposited:	09 Feb 2023 09:23
Last Modified:	09 Feb 2023 09:23
URI:	http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/id/eprint/16704

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