Quantifying tropical cyclone's effect on the biogeochemical processes using profiling float observations in the Bay of Bengal

Girish Kumar, M S and Thangaprakash, V P and Udaya Bhaskar, T V S and Suprit, K and Sureshkumar, N and Baliar Singh, S K and Jofia, J and Pant, V and Vishnu, S and George, Grinson and Abhilash, K R and Shivaprasad, S (2019) Quantifying tropical cyclone's effect on the biogeochemical processes using profiling float observations in the Bay of Bengal. JGR Oceans. pp. 1-52.

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    Abstract

    Physical and biogeochemical observations from an autonomous profiling Argo float in the Bay of Bengal show significant changes in upper ocean structure during the passage of Tropical Cyclone (TC) Hudhud (7–14 October 2014). TC Hudhud mixed water from a depth of about 50 m into the surface layers through a combination of upwelling and turbulent mixing. Mixing was extended into the depth of nutricline, the oxycline and the subsurface‐chlorophyll‐maximum; thus had a strong impact on the biogeochemistry of the upper ocean. Before the storm, the near‐surface layer was nutrient depleted and was thus oligotrophic with the chlorophyll‐a concentration of less than 0.15 mg m‐3. Storm mixing initially increased the chlorophyll by 1.4 mg m‐3, increased the surface nitrate concentration to about 6.6 μM kg‐1, and decreased the sub‐surface dissolved oxygen (30–35 m) to 31 % of saturation (140 μM). These conditions were favorable for phytoplankton growth resulting in an estimated increase in primary productivity averaging 1.5 g C m‐2 day‐1 over 15 days. During this bloom, chlorophyll‐a increased by 3.6 mg m‐3, and dissolved oxygen increased from 111 % to 123 % of saturation. Similar observations during TC Vardah (6–12 December 2016) showed much less mixing. Our analysis suggests that relatively small (high) translation speed and presence of cold (warm) core eddy leads to strong (weak) oceanic response during TC Hudhud (TC Vardah). Thus, although cyclones can cause strong biogeochemical responses in the Bay of Bengal, the strength of response depends on the properties of the storm and the prevailing upper ocean structure such as presence of mesoscale eddies.

    Item Type: Article
    Uncontrolled Keywords: tropical cyclone; biogeochemical processes; profiling float observations; Bay of Bengal
    Subjects: Oceanography
    Oceanography > Natural calamities > Cyclones
    Oceanography > Remote sensing
    Divisions: CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Capture > Fishery Resources Assessment Division
    Subject Area > CMFRI > CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Capture > Fishery Resources Assessment Division
    CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Capture > Fishery Resources Assessment Division
    Subject Area > CMFRI-Kochi > Marine Capture > Fishery Resources Assessment Division
    Depositing User: Arun Surendran
    Date Deposited: 30 Jan 2019 09:13
    Last Modified: 30 Jan 2019 09:13
    URI: http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/id/eprint/13378

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